Lignin is the main component of plant cell walls, conferring upon lignocellulosic biomass
both excellent mechanical and barrier properties. At the same time, the considerable …

Melanosomes are organelles that produce and store melanin, a widespread biological
pigment with a unique suite of properties including high refractive index, semiconducting …

Nature has mastered the construction of nanostructures with well-defined macroscopic
effects and purposes. Structural colouration is a visible consequence of the particular …

Melanin is a widespread multifunctional biological pigment that has emerged as a promising
platform for applications in coating, catalysis, energy, drug delivery, and medical therapy …

The extraordinary properties of biological materials often result from their sophisticated
hierarchical structures. Through multilevel and cross-scale structural designs, biological …

The beautiful structural colors in bird feathers are some of the brightest colors in nature and
some of these colors are created by arrays of melanin granules that act as both structural …

Animal integumentary coloration plays a crucial role in visual communication and
camouflage, and varies extensively among and within species and populations. To …

Melanin, especially integumentary melanin, interacts in numerous ways with
electromagnetic radiation, leading to a set of critical functions, including radiation protection …

Light-driven photocatalysis might address many global energy concerns due to its
implications for hydrogen production and the imperative need to reduce fossil fuel …

Light influences most ecosystems on earth, from sun-dappled forests to bioluminescent
creatures in the ocean deep. Biologists have long studied nano-and micro-scale organismal …