Unprecedented advances have been made in cancer treatment with the use of immune
checkpoint blockade (ICB). However, responses are limited to a subset of patients, and …

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a prevalent disease with a progression that is modulated
by the immune system. Systemic therapy is used in the advanced stage and until 2017 …

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is lethal in 88% of patients, yet harbours
mutation-derived T cell neoantigens that are suitable for vaccines,. Here in a phase I trial of …

The clinical use of molecular targeted therapy is rapidly evolving but has primarily focused
on genomic alterations. Transcriptomic analysis offers an opportunity to dissect the …

The release of negative regulators of immune activation (immune checkpoints) that limit
antitumor responses has resulted in unprecedented rates of long-lasting tumor responses in …

The use of probiotics by cancer patients is increasing, including among those undergoing
immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) treatment. Here, we elucidate a critical microbial-host …

Tumor mutational burden (TMB) reflects cancer mutation quantity. Mutations are processed
to neo-antigens and presented by major histocompatibility complex (MHC) proteins to T …

Checkpoint inhibitor-based immunotherapies that target cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4
(CTLA4) or the programmed cell death 1 (PD1) pathway have achieved impressive success …

Somatic mutations in cancer cells can generate tumour-specific neoepitopes, which are
recognized by autologous T cells in the host. As neoepitopes are not subject to central …

Checkpoint inhibitors (CPIs) augment adaptive immunity. Systematic pan-tumor analyses
may reveal the relative importance of tumor-cell-intrinsic and microenvironmental features …