The Earth as a planetary system has experienced significant change since its formation c.
4.54 Gyr ago. Some of these changes have been gradual, such as secular cooling of the …

The end of the Archean aeon (3.0–2.5 Ga) was a period of fundamental change in many
aspects of the geological record. In Archean cratons, this timespan is marked by a …

The lower plate is the dominant agent in modern convergent margins characterized by
active subduction, as negatively buoyant oceanic lithosphere sinks into the asthenosphere …

Granitoids of the tonalite–trondhjemite–granodiorite (TTG) series dominate Earth's earliest
continental crust. The geochemical diversity of TTGs is ascribed to several possible …

This work examines the global distribution of Archaean and modern igneous rock's
compositions, without relying on preconceptions about the link between rock compositions …

The Earth is the only known planet where plate tectonics is active, and different studies have
concluded that plate tectonics commenced at times from the early Hadean to 700 Ma. Many …

TTGs (tonalite–trondhjemite–granodiorite) are one of the archetypical lithologies of
Archaean cratons. Since their original description in the 1970s, they have been the subject …

Carbon geochemistry of mantle-derived samples suggests that the fluxes and reservoir sizes
associated with deep cycle are in the order of 1012–13gC/yr and 1022–23g C, respectively …

The geodynamic context of formation of the Archaean continental crust is a matter of debate.
The crust is largely made of grey gneiss complexes, a composite rock assemblage …

The secular trend of seawater strontium isotope ratio (87 Sr/86 Sr) reflects changes in the
relative contributions of continental versus mantle reservoirs to ocean composition, and …