Importance Prescription opioid analgesics play an important role in the treatment of
postoperative pain; however, unused opioids may be diverted for nonmedical use and …

Physicians, policymakers, and researchers are increasingly focused on finding ways to
decrease opioid use and overdose in the United States both of which have sharply …

Importance Despite increased focus on reducing opioid prescribing for long-term pain, little
is known regarding the incidence and risk factors for persistent opioid use after surgery …

Worldwide, the use of prescription opioid analgesics more than doubled between 2001 and
2013, with several countries, including the USA, Canada, and Australia, experiencing …

Importance Primary care clinicians find managing chronic pain challenging. Evidence of
long-term efficacy of opioids for chronic pain is limited. Opioid use is associated with serious …

Most patients who undergo surgical procedures experience acute postoperative pain, but
evidence suggests that less than half report adequate postoperative pain relief. Many …

Importance Chronic opioid use imposes a substantial burden in terms of morbidity and
economic costs. Whether opioid-naive patients undergoing surgery are at increased risk for …

Importance Prolonged opioid use after surgery may be associated with opioid dependency
and increased health care use. However, published studies have reported varying estimates …

BACKGROUND: Despite efforts to reduce nonmedical opioid misuse, little is known about
the development of persistent opioid use after surgery among adolescents and young …

Background: Opioid use, abuse, and adverse consequences, including death, have
escalated at an alarming rate since the 1990s. In an attempt to control opioid abuse …