This paper presents the performance evaluation of eight focus measure operators namely
Image CURV (Curvature), GRAE (Gradient Energy), HISE (Histogram Entropy), LAPM …

Shape from focus (SFF), which relies on image focus as a cue within sequenced images,
represents a passive technique in recovering object shapes in scenes. Although numerous …

In this chapter we deal with the techniques of image processing. These are operations that
start with a grey scale (or color) image and return another grey scale image. The next …

Background Surface roughness has a significant effect on leaf wettability. Consequently, it
influences the efficiency and effectiveness of pesticide application. Therefore, roughness …

Three-dimensional (3D) shape reconstruction is a fundamental problem in machine vision
applications. Shape From Focus (SFF) is one of the passive optical methods for 3D shape …

In shape from focus (SFF) techniques, focus measure plays an important role.
Conventionally, two fixed windows at two stages have been used to compute and enhance …

This paper presents a maximum a posteriori (MAP) framework to incorporate a spatial
consistency prior model for depth reconstruction in the shape-from-focus (SFF) process …

A novel Weighted Hierarchical Adaptive Voting Ensemble (WHAVE) machine learning (ML)
method was developed for breast cancer detection. It was constructed using three individual …

Abstract Shape From Focus (SFF) is one of the most popular strategies for reconstructing
object's 3D shape, which doesn't require any additional technology. SFF strategies generate …

In this article, we introduce a novel shape from focus method to compute 3D shape of
microscopic objects, based on modified‐pixel intensities and Bezier surface approximations …