Humans require a plethora of higher cognitive skills to perform executive functions, such as
reasoning, planning, language and social interactions, which are regulated predominantly …

Abstract Language impairment, or aphasia, is a disabling symptom that affects at least one
third of individuals after stroke. Some affected individuals will spontaneously recover partial …

As life expectancy continues to increase worldwide, age-related dysfunction will largely
impact our societies in the future. Aging is well established to promote the deterioration of …

We present the Anterior Modifiers in the Emergence of Neurodevelopmental Disorders
(AMEND) framework, designed to reframe the field of prospective studies of …

Aging is associated with functional activation changes in domain-specific regions and large-
scale brain networks. This preregistered Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) …

The population is ageing worldwide, thus increasing the burden of common age-related
disorders to the individual, society and economy. Cerebrovascular diseases (stroke …

The past 25 years have provided a rich discovery of at least four fundamental patterns that
represent structural and functional brain aging across multiple cognitive domains. Of the …

Recent work suggests that most older adults who volunteer to take part in cognitive
experiments are more motivated to do well than are undergraduate students. This empirical …

Background Fronto-striatal disconnection is thought to be at the basis of dysexecutive
symptoms in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). Multiple reserve-related processes may …

Background Prior work suggests there may be greater reliance on executive function for
walking in older people. The pre-frontal cortex (PFC), which controls aspects of executive …