Among the rhythms of the brain, oscillations in the beta frequency range (∼ 13–30 Hz) have
been considered the most enigmatic. Traditionally associated with sensorimotor functions …

The goal of consciousness research is to reveal the neural basis of phenomenal experience.
To study phenomenology, experimenters seem obliged to ask reports from the subjects to …

Voluntary allocation of visual attention is controlled by top-down signals generated within
the Frontal Eye Fields (FEFs) that can change the excitability of lower-level visual areas …

A given pattern of optical stimulation can arise from countless possible real-world sources,
creating a dilemma for vision: What in the world actually gives rise to the current pattern …

It has been fifty years since Levelt's monograph On Binocular Rivalry (1965) was published,
but its four propositions that describe the relation between stimulus strength and the …

In recent years, time-resolved multivariate pattern analysis (MVPA) has gained much
popularity in the analysis of electroencephalography (EEG) and magnetoencephalography …

Abstract Changes in pupil size at constant light levels reflect the activity of neuromodulatory
brainstem centers that control global brain state. These endogenously driven pupil dynamics …

The human brain's executive systems have a vital role in deciding and selecting among
actions. Selection among alternatives also occurs in the perceptual domain; for instance …

Decision bias is traditionally conceptualized as an internal reference against which sensory
evidence is compared. Instead, we show that individuals implement decision bias by shifting …

Successful decision making critically involves metacognitive processes such as monitoring
and control of our decision process. Metacognition enables agents to modify ongoing …