Death by a thousand cuts: granzyme pathways of programmed cell death

D Chowdhury, J Lieberman - Annu. Rev. Immunol., 2008 - annualreviews.org
The granzymes are cell death–inducing enzymes, stored in the cytotoxic granules of
cytotoxic T lymphocytes and natural killer cells, that are released during granule exocytosis …

Granzyme A activates another way to die

J Lieberman - Immunological reviews, 2010 - Wiley Online Library
Granzyme A (GzmA) is the most abundant serine protease in killer cell cytotoxic granules.
GzmA activates a novel programed cell death pathway that begins in the mitochondrion …

[HTML][HTML] Protein sectors: evolutionary units of three-dimensional structure

N Halabi, O Rivoire, S Leibler, R Ranganathan - Cell, 2009 - cell.com
Proteins display a hierarchy of structural features at primary, secondary, tertiary, and higher-
order levels, an organization that guides our current understanding of their biological …

Granzyme A cleaves a mitochondrial complex I protein to initiate caspase-independent cell death

D Martinvalet, DM Dykxhoorn, R Ferrini, J Lieberman - Cell, 2008 - cell.com
The killer lymphocyte protease granzyme A (GzmA) triggers caspase-independent target cell
death with morphological features of apoptosis. We previously showed that GzmA acts …

Modulation of inflammation by extracellular granzyme A

KR Van Daalen, JF Reijneveld… - Frontiers in …, 2020 - frontiersin.org
Granzyme A (GrA) has long been recognized as one of the key players in the induction of
cell death of neoplastic, foreign or infected cells after granule delivery by cytotoxic cells …

Nuclear war: the granzyme A-bomb

J Lieberman, Z Fan - Current opinion in immunology, 2003 - Elsevier
Granzyme A, a serine protease in the cytotoxic granules of natural killer cells and cytotoxic T
lymphocytes, induces caspase-independent cell death when introduced into target cells by …

The major human and mouse granzymes are structurally and functionally divergent

D Kaiserman, CH Bird, J Sun, A Matthews… - The Journal of cell …, 2006 - rupress.org
Approximately 2% of mammalian genes encode proteases. Comparative genomics reveals
that those involved in immunity and reproduction show the most interspecies diversity and …

Differential expression of human granzymes A, B, and K in natural killer cells and during CD8+ T cell differentiation in peripheral blood

K Bratke, M Kuepper, B Bade… - European journal of …, 2005 - Wiley Online Library
NK cells and cytotoxic T lymphocytes can induce apoptosis in virus‐infected and
transformed target cells via the granule exocytosis pathway. The key components of the …

Fluorogenic Granzyme A Substrates Enable Real‐Time Imaging of Adaptive Immune Cell Activity

Z Cheng, EJ Thompson, L Mendive‐Tapia… - Angewandte …, 2023 - Wiley Online Library
Cytotoxic immune cells, including T lymphocytes (CTLs) and natural killer (NK) cells, are
essential components of the host response against tumors. CTLs and NK cells secrete …

Granzyme K initiates IL-6 and IL-8 release from epithelial cells by activating protease-activated receptor 2

D Kaiserman, P Zhao, CL Rowe, A Leong, N Barlow… - PloS one, 2022 - journals.plos.org
Granzyme K (GzmK) is a tryptic member of the granzyme family of chymotrypsin-like serine
proteases produced by cells of the immune system. Previous studies have indicated that …