An unprecedented level of confidence has recently crystallized around a new hypothesis of
how living placental mammals share a pattern of common descent. The major groups are …

Amniotes originated on land, but aquatic/amphibious groups emerged multiple times
independently in amniotes. On becoming aquatic, species with different phylogenetic …

In recent decades there has been a growing interest in proboscideans' body size, given that
mass is highly correlated with biological functions. Different allometric equations have been …

Introduction Evolution of extended breath-hold endurance enables the exploitation of the
aquatic niche by numerous mammalian lineages and is accomplished by elevated body …

While large herbivores can have strong impacts on terrestrial ecosystems, much less is
known of their role in aquatic systems. We reviewed the literature to determine: 1) which …

The semiaquatic platypus and terrestrial echidnas (spiny anteaters) are the only living egg-
laying mammals (monotremes). The fossil record has provided few clues as to their origins …

Anthracobunidae is an Eocene family of large mammals from south Asia that is commonly
considered to be part of the radiation that gave rise to elephants (proboscideans) and sea …

From two scientists who have been at the forefront of manatee research for over three
decades, The Florida Manatee offers an engaging, accessible introduction to manatee …

The fossil record of the Hippopotamidae can shed light on three major issues in mammalian
evolution. First, as the Hippopotamidae are the extant sister group of Cetacea, gaining a …

Several groups of tetrapods have expanded sesamoid (small, tendon-anchoring) bones into
digit-like structures (“predigits”), such as pandas'“thumbs.” Elephants similarly have …