Vegetation phenology is highly sensitive to climate change. Phenology also controls many
feedbacks of vegetation to the climate system by influencing the seasonality of albedo …

Temperate climates are defined by distinct temperature seasonality with large and often
unpredictable weather during any of the four seasons. To thrive in such climates, trees have …

Shifts in vegetation phenology are a key example of the biological effects of climate change,–
. However, there is substantial uncertainty about whether these temperature-driven trends …

Warming experiments are increasingly relied on to estimate plant responses to global
climate change,. For experiments to provide meaningful predictions of future responses, they …

Leaf senescence in winter deciduous species signals the transition from the active to the
dormant stage. The purpose of leaf senescence is the recovery of nutrients before the leaves …

Leafing‐out of woody plants begins the growing season in temperate forests and is one of
the most important drivers of ecosystem processes. There is substantial variation in the …

Plant phenology regulates ecosystem services at local and global scales and is a sensitive
indicator of global change. Estimates of phenophase transition dates, such as the start of …

Exposure of plants and animals to ultraviolet-B radiation (UV-B; 280–315 nm) is modified by
stratospheric ozone dynamics and climate change. Even though stabilisation and projected …

Analyses of datasets throughout the temperate midlatitude regions show a widespread
tendency for species to advance their springtime phenology, consistent with warming trends …

Recent temperature increases have elicited strong phenological shifts in temperate tree
species, with subsequent effects on photosynthesis. Here, we assess the impact of …