Regenerative procedures aim to recreate a hyaline-like tissue, thus restoring a biologically
and biomechanically valid articular surface with durable clinical results. Autologous …

Background Treatments for managing articular cartilage defects of the knee, including
drilling and abrasion arthroplasty, are not always effective. When they are, long‐term …

Background Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease affecting approximately 27
million Americans, and even more worldwide. OA is characterized by degeneration of …

Background: Chondral and osteochondral lesions are being detected with increasing
frequency. For large-diameter lesions, cell-based treatment modalities are speculated to …

Background: Cartilage defects in the patella are common, and a subset of patients does not
respond to nonoperative measures. While most cartilage repair techniques have …

Microfracture (MFx) is currently the recommended option for the treatment of small cartilage
defects but is not regarded as suitable for the treatment of defects larger than 2.5 cm 2. To …

Background: Focal cartilage lesions in the patellofemoral (PF) joint are common. Several
studies correlated PF risk factors with PF instability, anterior knee pain, and PF arthritis; …

PURPOSE: To compare clinical outcomes of patients undergoing isolated patellofemoral
autologous chondrocyte implantation (ACI) and ACI combined with patellofemoral …

Background: Osteochondral allograft (OCA) transplantation is a recognized treatment
modality for cartilage damage in the knee. Few reports are available on outcomes of OCA in …

Background: Many surgical options for treating patellofemoral (PF) cartilage lesions are
available but with limited evidence comparing their results. Purpose: To determine and …