The process of adaptive radiation—the proliferation of species from a single ancestor and
diversification into many ecologically different forms—has been of great interest to …

By formalizing the relationship between genotype or phenotype and fitness, fitness
landscapes harbor information on molecular and evolutionary constraints. The shape of the …

Understanding the causes and limits of population divergence in phenotypic traits is a
fundamental aim of evolutionary biology, with the potential to yield predictions of adaptation …

Concentrations of acetyl–coenzyme A and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) affect
histone acetylation and thereby couple cellular metabolic status and transcriptional …

We apply the theory of learning to physically renormalizable systems in an attempt to outline
a theory of biological evolution, including the origin of life, as multilevel learning. We …

Humans have dramatic, diverse and far-reaching influences on the evolution of other
organisms. Numerous examples of this human-induced contemporary evolution have been …

GG Simpson, one of the chief architects of evolutionary biology's modern synthesis,
proposed that diversification occurs on a macroevolutionary adaptive landscape, but …

Species' phenotypic characteristics often remain unchanged over long stretches of
geological time. Stabilizing selection—in which fitness is highest for intermediate …

Renowned evolutionary biologists Peter and Rosemary Grant have produced landmark
studies of the Galápagos finches first made famous by Charles Darwin. In How and Why …

How does the genome encode the form of the organism? What is the nature of this genomic
code? Inspired by recent work in machine learning and neuroscience, we propose that the …