Sperm competition is a powerful selective force that has shaped sexual traits throughout
animal evolution. Yet, how fertilization mode (ie external versus internal fertilization) …

Dispersal in many organisms is asymmetric by sex, a pattern that is often identified through
the use of genetic tools. Sex-biased dispersal (SBD) is thought to derive from the varying …

Sperm morphology varies considerably among species. Sperm traits may contribute to
speciation if they diverge fast in allopatry and cause conspecific sperm precedence upon …

Sperm cells are exceptionally morphologically diverse across taxa. However, morphology
can be quite uniform within species, particularly for species where females copulate with …

Elasmobranchs have a very distinct metabolism, and many aspects related to the energetic
dynamics of these animals remain poorly investigated. The reproductive period is …

Background Sex allocation is the distribution of resources to male or female reproduction. In
hermaphrodites, this concerns an individual's resource allocation to, for example, the …

Simple Summary Comprehensive knowledge of chondrichthyan reproductive biology is
crucial for the development of reproductive technologies. For that reason, a male …

Context Knowledge of sawshark reproductive biology is limited to general parameters such
as reproductive mode and litter size. The mating system is currently unknown. Aim To test for …

While sexual size dimorphism (SSD) is abundant in nature, there is huge variation in both
the intensity and direction of SSD. SSD results from a combination of sexual selection for …

Many animal species exhibit sex-limited traits, where certain phenotypes are exclusively
expressed in one sex. Yet, the genomic regions that contribute to these sex-limited traits in …