The drug efflux transporters ABCB1 and ABCG2 at the blood-brain barrier limit the delivery
of drugs into the brain. Strategies to overcome ABCB1/ABCG2 have been largely …

There is considerable interest in the therapeutic and adverse outcomes of drug interactions
at the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and the blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier (BCSFB). These …

Introduction: P-glycoprotein is a complex ATP-ase transporter involved in physiological and
pathological functions. In particular, it is involved in the onset of multidrug resistance in …

Drugs vary in their ability to permeate the blood–retinal barrier (BRB), blood–aqueous
humor barrier (BAB), and blood–brain barrier (BBB) and the factors affecting the drug …

Using positron emission tomography (PET) imaging we assessed, in vivo, the interaction
between a microdose of (R)‐[11C] verapamil (a P‐glycoprotein (Pgp) substrate) and …

Current theories on drug resistance in epilepsy include the drug transporter hypothesis, the
drug target hypothesis, and a novel approach called the inherent severity model of epilepsy …

The blood-brain barrier (BBB) plays a crucial role in maintaining brain homeostasis and
transport of drugs to the brain. The conventional animal and Transwell BBB models along …

Purpose Overactivity of the multidrug efflux transporter P-glycoprotein (P-gp) at the blood-
brain barrier (BBB) is believed to play an important role in resistance to central nervous …

Protection of the brain is strengthened by active transport and ABC transporters. P-
glycoprotein (P-gp) at the blood-brain barrier (BBB) functions as an active efflux pump by …

Enhanced brain efflux of antiepileptic drugs by the blood–brain barrier transporter P‐
glycoprotein is discussed as one mechanism contributing to pharmacoresistance of …