The initial discovery that ob/ob mice become obese because of a recessive mutation of the
leptin gene has been crucial to discover the melanocortin pathway to control appetite. In the …

Advances over the past 25 years have revealed much about how the structural properties of
membranes and associated proteins are linked to the thermodynamics and kinetics of …

Introduction: Obesity is a body weight disorder characterized by excess adiposity that
increases the risk for develo** co-morbidities such as type 2 diabetes. A large medical …

After synthesis, proteins are folded into their native conformations aided by molecular
chaperones. Dysfunction in folding caused by genetic mutations in numerous genes causes …

G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are the largest family of membrane receptors involved
in the regulation of almost all known physiological processes. Dysfunctions of GPCR …

Abstract The melanocortin‐4 receptor (MC4R) has been critically investigated for the past
two decades, and novel findings regarding MC4R signalling and its potential exploitation in …

Activating and inactivating mutations in numerous human G protein-coupled receptors
(GPCRs) are associated with a wide range of disease phenotypes. Here we use several …

As the most recent melanocortin receptor (MCR) identified, melanocortin-5 receptor (MC5R)
has unique tissue expression patterns, pharmacological properties, and physiological …

G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are highly conserved versatile signaling molecules
located at the plasma membrane that respond to diverse extracellular signals. They regulate …

Abstract The melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R) is a Family AG protein-coupled receptor that
plays an essential role in regulating energy homeostasis, including both energy intake and …