With the rapid growth of web search in recent years the problem of modeling its users has
started to attract more and more attention of the information retrieval community. This has …

Sentiment analysis is the computational study of people's opinions, sentiments, emotions,
moods, and attitudes. This fascinating problem offers numerous research challenges, but …

Conventional search engines, such as Bing, Baidu, and Google, offer a convenient way for
users to seek information on the web. However, with all the benefits they provide, one major …

Traditional search engines return ranked lists of search results. It is up to the user to scroll
this list, scan within different documents, and assemble information that fulfill his/her …

Social networking Web sites are not just places to maintain relationships; they can also be
valuable information sources. However, little is known about how and why people search …

Federated search (federated information retrieval or distributed information retrieval) is a
technique for searching multiple text collections simultaneously. Queries are submitted to a …

Community question answering (cQA) services have gained popularity over the past years. It
not only allows community members to post and answer questions but also enables general …

Existing community question-answering forums usually provide only textual answers.
However, for many questions, pure texts cannot provide intuitive information, while image or …

In modern search engines, an increasing number of search result pages (SERPs) are
federated from multiple specialized search engines (called verticals, such as Image or …

Modern search engines aggregate results from different verticals: webpages, news, images,
video, shop**, knowledge cards, local maps, etc. Unlike" ten blue links", these search …