The capacity to be self-aware is regarded as a fundamental difference between humans and
other species. However, growing evidence challenges this notion, indicating that many …

Twenty-five years ago, at the founding of this journal, there existed only a few conflicting
findings about great apes' social-cognitive skills (theory of mind). In the 2 ½ decades since …

Experimental and observational data about the complexity and versatility of animal cognition
have been reported and discussed extensively since the subject was reviewed in the first …

Metacognition is the ability to think about thinking. Although monitoring and controlling one's
knowledge is a key feature of human cognition, its evolutionary origins are debated. In the …

Metamemory entails cognitively assessing the strength of one's memories. We tested the
ability of nine Long-Evans rats to distinguish between remembering and forgetting by …

We suggest that variation in mammalian behavioural flexibility not accounted for by current
socioecological models may be explained in part by developmental constraints. From our …

Information-seeking behavior often features in research on metacognition in non-human
animals; some species seek more information when they do not know the location of a food …

In previous research, great apes and rhesus macaques have demonstrated multiple
apparently metacognitive abilities, whereas capuchin monkeys have not. The present …

Hundreds (if not thousands) of multisensory studies provide evidence that the human brain
can integrate temporally and spatially discrepant stimuli from distinct modalities into a …

Humans remember the past and use that information to plan future actions. Lab experiments
that test memory for the location of food show that animals have a similar capability to act in …