Whereas the concept that availability of resources drives seed production is sound in
principle, it is incomplete as there are many solutions to the allocation of resources that …

Summary 1 A mutualism is a mutually beneficial interaction between individuals of two
species. Here we show that the degree of benefit resulting from an interaction depends on …

The impact that herbivore damage has on plant fitness depends on the environmental
conditions in which the plant is growing. It has long been assumed that a plant's tolerance of …

Plants have adapted to compensate for the loss of vegetative biomass and reproductive
potential caused by grazing. Shoot damage breaks down the correlative inhibition …

We examined the relationship between meristem allocation and plant size for four annual
plant species: Arabidopsis thaliana, Arenaria serphyllifolia, Brassica rapa, and …

Adaptive phenotypic plasticity allows sessile organisms such as plants to match trait
expression to the particular environment they experience. Plasticity may be limited, however …

Resistance and tolerance are widely viewed as two alternative adaptive responses to
herbivory. However, the traits underlying resistance and tolerance remain largely unknown …

Herbivory and resource interact to influence plant regrowth following grazing, but few
detailed investigations on grazing tolerance at population levels are available. We …

In this study we examine the hypothesis that divergent natural selection produces genetic
differentiation among populations in plant defensive strategies (tolerance and resistance) …

Herbivore damage is generally detrimental to plant fitness, and the evolutionary response of
plant populations to damage can involve either increased resistance or increased tolerance …