Integrator is a metazoan-specific protein complex capable of inducing termination at all
RNAPII-transcribed loci. Integrator recognizes paused, promoter-proximal RNAPII and …

In higher eukaryotes, fine-tuned activation of protein-coding genes and many non-coding
RNAs pivots around the regulated activity of RNA polymerase II (Pol II). The Integrator …

Trimethylation of histone H3 lysine 4 (H3K4me3) is associated with transcriptional start sites
and has been proposed to regulate transcription initiation,. However, redundant functions of …

Summary RNA polymerase II (RNAPII) pausing in early elongation is critical for gene
regulation. Paused RNAPII can be released into productive elongation by the kinase P-TEFb …

Integrator and protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) form a complex that dephosphorylates
paused RNA polymerase II (Pol II), cleaves the nascent RNA, and terminates transcription …

The dynamic regulation of transcription elongation by RNA polymerase II (Pol II) is an
integral part of the implementation of gene expression programmes during development. In …

Gene expression by RNA polymerase II (RNAPII) is tightly controlled by cyclin-dependent
kinases (CDKs) at discrete checkpoints during the transcription cycle. The pausing …

Recent advances in sequencing techniques that measure nascent transcripts and that
reveal the positioning of RNA polymerase II (Pol II) have shown that the pausing of Pol II in …

INTRODUCTION RNA cleavage and phosphorylation-dephosphorylation of the RNA
polymerase II (Pol II) C-terminal domain (CTD) are two regulatory mechanisms of …

Enhancers are cis-regulatory elements in the genome that cooperate with promoters to
control target gene transcription. Unlike promoters, enhancers are not necessarily adjacent …