The study of ultraluminous X-ray sources (ULXs) has changed dramatically over the last
decade. In this review we first describe the most important observations of ULXs in various …

We describe ongoing searches for intermediate-mass black holes with M BH≈ 10–105 M⊙.
We review a range of search mechanisms, both dynamical and those that rely on accretion …

We review observations of ultraluminous X-ray sources (ULXs). X-ray spectroscopic and
timing studies of ULXs suggest a new accretion state distinct from those seen in Galactic …

Intermediate-mass black holes (IMBHs), with masses in the range 1 0 0–1 0 6 M⊙, are the
link between stellar-mass BHs and supermassive BHs (SMBHs). They are thought to be the …

This review covers the main aspects of black hole accretion disk theory. We begin with the
view that one of the main goals of the theory is to better understand the nature of black holes …

Accretion disks around supermassive black holes (SMBHs) in active galactic nuclei (AGNs)
contain stars, stellar mass black holes, and other stellar remnants, which perturb the disk …

Ultraluminous X-ray sources (ULXs) are accreting black holes that may contain the missing
population of intermediate mass black holes or reflect super-Eddington accretion physics …

We present broadband X-ray analyses of a sample of bright ultraluminous X-ray sources
(ULX) with the goal of investigating the spectral similarity of this population to the known …

Ultraluminous X-ray sources (ULXs) with luminosities lying between∼ 3× 1039 and 2× 1040
erg s− 1 represent a contentious sample of objects as their brightness, together with a lack of …

If intermediate-mass black holes (IMBHs) grow efficiently in gas discs around supermassive
black holes, their host active galactic nucleus (AGN) discs should exhibit myriad …