Abstract The Scanning Habitable Environments with Raman and Luminescence for
Organics and Chemicals (SHERLOC) is a robotic arm-mounted instrument on NASA's …

Mastcam-Z is a multispectral, stereoscopic imaging investigation on the Mars 2020 mission's
Perseverance rover. Mastcam-Z consists of a pair of focusable, 4: 1 zoomable cameras that …

Abstract The Mars rover Spirit encountered outcrops and regolith composed of opaline silica
(amorphous SiO2· n H2O) in an ancient volcanic hydrothermal setting in Gusev crater. An …

Mars accumulated and differentiated into crust, mantle and core within a few tens of millions
of years of Solar System formation. Formation of Hellas, which has been adopted as the …

Decades of speculation about a warmer, wetter Mars climate in the planet's first billion years
postulate a denser CO2-rich atmosphere than at present. Such an atmosphere should have …

Mineral deposits on the martian surface can elucidate ancient environmental conditions on
the planet. Opaline silica deposits (as much as 91 weight percent SiO2) have been found in …

The Máaz formation consists of the first lithologies in Jezero crater analyzed by the Mars
2020 Perseverance rover. This formation, investigated from Sols (Martian days) 1 to 201 and …

Wind blowing over sand on Earth produces decimeter-wavelength ripples and hundred-
meter–to kilometer-wavelength dunes: bedforms of two distinct size modes. Observations …

Petrologic investigations of martian rocks have been accomplished by mineralogical,
geochemical, and textural analyses from Mars rovers (with geologic context provided by …

The process of identifying the landing site for NASA's Mars 2020 rover began in 2013 by
defining threshold mission science criteria related to seeking signs of ancient habitable …