Accurate classification of chronic pain conditions requires reliable and valid pain
assessment. Moreover, pain assessment serves several additional functions, including …

The psychosocial and functional consequences of chronic pain disorders have been well
documented as having significant effects on the experience of pain, presentation to health …

Executive summary We are facing a huge increase in the older population over the next 30
years. This brings an anticipated increase in the prevalence of chronic pain and with this …

Chronic pain is one of the most common conditions encountered by healthcare
professionals, particularly among older (≥ 65 years) patients. 1 Pain is associated with …

Pain is a subjective experience, unfortunately, some patients cannot provide a self-report of
pain verbally, in writing, or by other means. In patients who are unable to self-report pain …

Chronic pain is a public health concern affecting 20–30% of the population of Western
countries. Although there have been many scientific advances in the understanding of the …

Chronic pain is highly prevalent in the ageing population. Individuals with neurological
disorders such as dementia are susceptible patient groups in which pain is frequently under …

Pain is a subjective experience, and no objective tests exist to measure it (American Pain
Society, 2009). Whenever possible, the existence and intensity of pain are measured by the …

There are an estimated 35 million people with dementia across the world, of whom 50%
experience regular pain. Despite this, current assessment and treatment of pain in this …

Pain is a complex phenomenon caused by noxious sensory stimuli or neuropathological
mechanisms. An individual's memories, expectations, and emotions modify the experience …