Chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) is a primary immunodeficiency caused by defects in
any of the five subunits of the NADPH oxidase complex responsible for the respiratory burst …

The cellular formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) represents an evolutionary ancient
antimicrobial defense system against microorganisms. The NADPH oxidases (NOX), which …

Severe defects in human IFNγ immunity predispose individuals to both Bacillus Calmette–
Guérin disease and tuberculosis, whereas milder defects predispose only to tuberculosis …

Tuberculosis is an ancient human disease, estimated to have originated and evolved over
thousands of years alongside modern human populations. Despite considerable advances …

Biallelic loss-of-function (LOF) mutations of the NCF4 gene, encoding the p40 phox subunit
of the phagocyte NADPH oxidase, have been described in only 1 patient. We report on 24 …

ABSTRACT BCG has been recommended because of its efficacy against disseminated and
meningeal tuberculosis. The BCG vaccine has other mechanisms of action besides …

Background The number of inherited diseases and the spectrum of clinical manifestations of
primary immunodeficiency disorders (PIDs) are ever-expanding. Molecular diagnosis using …

Background Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine is a live attenuated bacterial vaccine
derived from Mycobacterium bovis, which is mostly administered to neonates in regions …

Improved vaccination strategies for tuberculosis are needed. Intravenous (iv) delivery of live
attenuated Mycobacterium bovis BCG provides protection against Mycobacterium …

Live-attenuated vaccines (LAVs) can protect humans against 12 viral and three bacterial
diseases. By definition, any clinical infection caused by a LAV that is sufficiently severe to …