Vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs), a major structural component of the vessel wall, not
only play a key role in maintaining vascular structure but also perform various functions …

Atherosclerosis is characterized by lipid accumulation and chronic inflammation of the
arterial wall, and its main complications—myocardial infarction and ischemic stroke …

During the inflammatory response that drives atherogenesis, macrophages accumulate
progressively in the expanding arterial wall,. The observation that circulating monocytes give …

During progression of atherosclerosis, myeloid cells destabilize lipid-rich plaques in the
arterial wall and cause their rupture, thus triggering myocardial infarction and stroke …

The adventitia, the outer layer of the blood vessel wall, may be the most complex layer of the
wall and may be the master regulator of wall physiology and pathobiology. This review …

Rationale: The vascular adventitia is a complex layer of the vessel wall consisting of vasa
vasorum microvessels, nerves, fibroblasts, immune cells, and resident progenitor cells …

Monocytes and their descendant macrophages are essential to the development and
exacerbation of atherosclerosis, a lipid-driven inflammatory disease. Lipid-laden …

The vasculature plays an indispensible role in organ development and maintenance of
tissue homeostasis, such that disturbances to it impact greatly on developmental and …

Vascular, resident stem cells are present in all 3 layers of the vessel wall; they play a role in
vascular formation under physiological conditions and in remodeling in pathological …

Fibrocytes are hematopoietic-derived cells that directly contribute to tissue fibrosis by
producing collagen following injury, during disease, and with aging. The lack of a fibrocyte …