Jupiter's icy moon, Europa, harbors a subsurface liquid water ocean; the prospect of this
ocean being habitable motivates further exploration of the moon with the upcoming NASA …

Abstract The JUpiter ICy moons Explorer (JUICE) of ESA was launched on 14 April 2023
and will arrive at Jupiter and its moons in July 2031. In this review article, we describe how …

Saturn's moon Enceladus has an ice-covered ocean; a plume of material erupts from cracks
in the ice. The plume contains chemical signatures of water-rock interaction between the …

Jupiter's moon Europa has a subsurface ocean, the chemistry of which is largely unknown.
Carbon dioxide (CO2) has previously been detected on the surface of Europa, but it was not …

Jupiter's moon Europa has a subsurface ocean beneath an icy crust. Conditions within the
ocean are unknown, and it is unclear whether it is connected to the surface. We observed …

Enceladus is a prime target in the search for life in our Solar System, having an active plume
that is likely to be connected to a large liquid water sub-surface ocean. Using the sensitive …

Cassini has identified a geologically active province at the south pole of Saturn's moon
Enceladus. In images acquired by the Imaging Science Subsystem (ISS), this region is …

The Cassini spacecraft passed within 168.2 kilometers of the surface above the southern
hemisphere at 19: 55: 22 universal time coordinated on 14 July 2005 during its closest …

Saturn's moon, Enceladus, is a geologically active waterworld. The prevailing paradigm is
that there is a subsurface ocean that erupts to the surface, which leads to the formation of a …

The Cassini spacecraft completed three close flybys of Saturn's enigmatic moon Enceladus
between February and July 2005. On the third and closest flyby, on 14 July 2005, multiple …