Interactions between individual consumer and resource organisms can be modified by
neighbors, eg, when herbivory depends on the identity or diversity of neighboring plants …

Eyespots are found in a variety of animals, in particular lepidopterans. The role of eyespots
as antipredator mechanisms has been discussed since the 19th Century, with two main …

Avoiding Attack discusses the diversity of mechanisms by which prey avoid predator attacks
and explores how such defensive mechanisms have evolved through natural selection. It …

Mimicry is a classic example of adaptation through natural selection. The traditional focus of
mimicry research has been on defence in animals, but there is now also a highly-developed …

Although exceptional examples of adaptation are frequently celebrated, some outcomes of
natural selection seem far from perfect. For example, many hoverflies (Diptera: Syrphidae) …

This paper provides a summary of the extensive theoretical and empirical work that has
been carried out in recent years testing the adaptational significance of various spider‐ant …

Mimicry—when one organism (the mimic) evolves a phenotypic resemblance to another (the
model) due to selective benefits—is widely used to illustrate natural selection's power to …

It is now 130 years since Fritz Müller proposed an evolutionary explanation for the close
similarity of co-existing unpalatable prey species, a phenomenon now known as Müllerian …

Batesian mimicry—resemblance of a toxic model by an edible mimic—depends on
deceiving predators. Mimetic advantage is considered to be dependent on frequency …

The theory of mimicry explains how a mimic species gains advantage by resembling a
model species [1–3]. Selection for increased mimic-model similarity should then result in …