We review, systematize and discuss models of diffusion in neuronal tissue, by putting them
into an overarching physical context of coarse‐graining over an increasing diffusion length …

Dendritic spines are small, thin, specialized protrusions from neuronal dendrites, primarily
localized in the excitatory synapses. Sophisticated imaging techniques revealed that …

Astrocytes become reactive following various brain insults; however, the functions of reactive
astrocytes are poorly understood. Here, we show that reactive astrocytes function as …

Stroke remains a leading cause of death and disability in the world. Over the past few
decades our understanding of the pathophysiology of stroke has increased, but greater …

The past 20 years have represented an important period in the development of principles
underlying neuroplasticity, especially as they apply to recovery from neurological injury. It is …

Microglia are the resident brain macrophages and they have been traditionally studied as
orchestrators of the brain inflammatory response during infections and disease. In addition …

Reductions in blood flow to the brain of sufficient duration and extent lead to stroke, which
results in damage to neuronal networks and the impairment of sensation, movement or …

Recent studies have identified the important contribution of glial cells to the plasticity of
neuronal circuits. Resting microglia, the primary immune effector cells in the brain …

Measuring molecular diffusion is widely used for characterizing materials and living
organisms noninvasively. This characterization relies on relations between macroscopic …

After ischemic stroke, survivors experience motor dysfunction and deterioration of memory
and cognition. These symptoms are associated with the disruption of normal neuronal …