Various disciplines have examined the many phenomena of metacognition and have
produced numerous results, both positive and negative. I discuss some of these aspects of …

The ultimate goal of work in cognitive architecture is to provide the foundation for a system
capable of general intelligent behavior. That is, the goal is to provide the underlying …

Most artificial intelligence research investigates intelligent behavior for a single agent--
solving problems heuristically, understanding natural language, and so on. Distributed …

This paper describes a uniform formalization of much of the current work in artificial
intelligence on inference systems. We show that many of these systems, including first‐order …

A broad range of well-structured problems—embracing forms of diagnosis, catalog
selection, and skeletal planning—are solved in 'expert systems' by the methods of heuristic …

Counterfactuals are a form of common-sense nonmonotonic inference that has been of long-
term interest to philosophers. In this paper, we begin by describing some of the impact …

A fundamental computational limit on automated reasoning and its effect on knowledge
representation is examined. Basically, the problem is that it can be more difficult to reason …

This survey of intelligent tutoring systems describes the components of these systems,
different teaching scenarios, and the relation of these systems to a theory of instruction. It …

Research in discourse analysis, story understanding, and user modeling for expert systems
has shown great interest in plan recognition problems. In a plan recognition problem, one is …

Over the last decade research into design processes utilizing ideas and models drawn from
artificial intelligence has resulted in a better understanding of design--particularly routine …