Bacterial multidrug efflux pumps have come to prominence in human and veterinary
pathogenesis because they help bacteria protect themselves against the antimicrobials …

Cancer cells frequently develop resistance to chemotherapeutic therapies and targeted
drugs, which has been a significant challenge in cancer management. With the growing …

The determination of the crystal structures of small-molecule transporters has shed light on
the conformational changes that take place during structural isomerization from outward-to …

Membrane transporters are integral membrane proteins that mediate the passage of solutes
across lipid bilayers. These proteins undergo conformational transitions between outward …

The proteobacterial antimicrobial compound efflux (PACE) family of transport proteins was
only recently described. PACE family transport proteins can confer resistance to a range of …

Multidrug resistant (MDR) bacteria are a global threat with many common infections
becoming increasingly difficult to eliminate. While significant effort has gone into the …

To fully understand the transport mechanism of Na+/H+ exchangers, it is necessary to
clearly establish the global rearrangements required to facilitate ion translocation. Currently …

Secondary transporters use alternating-access mechanisms to couple uphill substrate
movement to downhill ion flux. Most known transporters use a'rocking bundle'motion …

Tripartite ATP-independent periplasmic (TRAP) transporters are secondary-active
transporters that receive their substrates via a soluble-binding protein to move bioorganic …

The extensive use of antibiotics has resulted in a situation where multidrug-resistant
pathogens have become a severe menace to human health worldwide. A deeper …