Abstract Observational aspects of the 40–50-day oscillation are reviewed. The oscillation is
the result of large-scale circulation cells oriented in the equatorial plane that move eastward …

▪ Abstract For over 300 years, the monsoon has been viewed as a gigantic land-sea breeze.
It is shown in this paper that satellite and conventional observations support an alternative …

The Tropical Ocean‐Global Atmosphere (TOGA) program sought to determine the
predictability of the coupled ocean‐atmosphere system. The World Climate Research …

For over a century, the term break has been used for spells in which the rainfall over the
Indian monsoon zone is interrupted. The phenomenon of'break monsoon'is of great interest …

Spectral analysis of a 70-year (1901–70) record of daily precipitation from 3700 stations in
the country of India is carried out to search for periodicities on subseasonal time scales …

The Madden–Julian oscillations are quite prominent over the Indian monsoon region and
they are related with the large-scale active–break phases of the monsoon. These …

An intriguing feature associated with 'breaks' in the Indian summer monsoon is the
occurrence of intense/flood-producing precipitation confined to central-eastern parts of the …

Indian monsoon rainfall data is shown to be decomposable into six empirical time series,
called intrinsic mode functions. This helps one to identify the first empirical mode as a …

Within the summer monsoon, the circulation and rainfall over the Indian region exhibit large
variations over the synoptic scale of 3-7 days and the supersynoptic scales of 10 days and …

A physically based empirical real-time forecasting strategy to predict the subseasonal
variations of the Indian summer monsoon up to four–five pentads (20–25 days) in advance …