There is nothing like a pandemic to get the world thinking about how infectious diseases
affect individual behavior. In this respect, sick animals can behave in ways that are …

Measuring stress in animals is important in many ecological, zoological and veterinary
research settings. A common method is to measure plasma levels of glucocorticoid …

A number of studies indicate that tropical arthropods should be particularly vulnerable to
climate warming. If these predictions are realized, climate warming may have a more …

A recently developed integrative framework proposes that the vulnerability of a species to
environmental change depends on the species' exposure and sensitivity to environmental …

Globally, ecosystems and their constituent flora and fauna face the localized and broad-
scale influence of human activities. Conservation practitioners and environmental managers …

The emerging field of Conservation Physiology links environmental change and ecological
success by the application of physiological theory, approaches and tools to elucidate and …

Climate change probably has severe impacts on animal populations, but demonstrating a
causal link can be difficult because of potential influences by additional factors. Assessing …

Wildlife populations are under increasing pressure from a variety of threatening processes,
ranging from climate change to habitat loss, that can incite a physiological stress response …

Ranaviruses were thought to have little impact on populations of fish and amphibians for
decades after their serendipitous discovery in primary kidney cell cultures of northern …

Vertebrates, including amphibians, host diverse symbiotic microbes that contribute to host
disease resistance. Globally, and especially in montane tropical systems, many amphibian …