Complex coacervation is an associative, liquid–liquid phase separation that can occur in
solutions of oppositely-charged macromolecular species, such as proteins, polymers, and …

As swollen polymer networks in water, hydrogels are usually brittle. However, hydrogels with
high toughness play critical roles in many plant and animal tissues as well as in diverse …

Additive manufacturing (AM), also referred to as rapid prototy**, solid free-form fabrication,
or simply threedimensional (3D) printing, comprises a number of technologies that allow the …

The supramolecular crosslinking of polymer chains in water by specific, directional and
dynamic non-covalent interactions has led to the development of novel supramolecular …

Robust, stretchable, and strain-sensitive hydrogels have recently attracted immense
research interest because of their potential application in wearable strain sensors. The …

Hydrogels are one of the most commonly explored classes of biomaterials. Their chemical
and structural versatility has enabled their use across a wide range of applications, including …

The physical and architectural cues of the extracellular matrix (ECM) play a critical role in
regulating important cellular functions such as spreading, migration, proliferation, and …

In recent years, as an energy storage device with a fast charge and discharge speed, long
cycle life, and good stability, flexible supercapacitors (SCs) have been extensively used in …

Degradable and cell-compatible hydrogels can be designed to mimic the physical and
biochemical characteristics of native extracellular matrices and provide tunability of …

Thermosets dominate the composite industry owing to their outstanding stiffness to weight
ratio and fatigue resistance. Nevertheless, the possibilities of recycling these materials are …