Abstract The Gulf of California (GC) is a unique large marine ecosystem characterized by its
rich biodiversity, high biological productivity and endemism of marine life, which are the …

Mass coral bleaching is increasing in frequency and severity, leading to the loss of coral
abundance and diversity. However, some corals are less susceptible to bleaching than …

Marine heatwaves are increasing in frequency and intensity, with potentially catastrophic
consequences for marine ecosystems such as coral reefs. An extended heatwave and …

Coral-reef ecosystems of the central Mexican Pacific have been routinely affected by both
moderate and severe El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events over the past 20 years …

Coral ecosystems in the central Mexican Pacific inhabit environmental conditions
considered as suboptimal for reef development, such as wide ranges in temperature, low …

Heat stress disturbs the mutualistic relationship between the hard corals and the symbiotic
algae, which cause coral bleaching. A wide array of biochemical parameters is used to …

El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events are increasing globally in both frequency and
strength, and they can elicit coral bleaching events. The 1997–1998 ENSO caused mass …

Upwelling events can change the sea water conditions within few hours during several
months on a seasonal regimen. These events are predicted to intensify due to climate …

The decline of coral reefs has increased interest in ecological restoration. Due to the scarcity
of coral gardening projects in the Eastern Tropical Pacific, improving our understanding of …

Extreme weather events are predicted to increase under climate change, with serious
consequences for ecosystems and populations. The effect of these events on mating and …