Blue carbon ecosystems (BCEs), including mangrove forests, seagrass meadows and tidal
marshes, store carbon and provide co-benefits such as coastal protection and fisheries …

Background Soil salinization threatens food security and ecosystem health, and is one of the
important drivers to the degradation of many ecosystems around the world. Soil …

It is unequivocal that the increases in atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4)
and nitrous oxide (N2O) since the pre-industrial period are caused by human activities. The …

Global mangrove loss has been attributed primarily to human activity. Anthropogenic loss
hotspots across Southeast Asia and around the world have characterized the ecosystem as …

Abstract The Kunming–Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework (KM-GBF) provides a major
impetus for the restoration and conservation of blue carbon ecosystems to address the …

Salt marshes provide ecosystem services such as carbon sequestration, coastal protection,
sea-level-rise (SLR) adaptation and recreation. SLR, storm events, drainage and mangrove …

The carbon balance of peatlands is predicted to shift from a sink to a source this century.
However, peatland ecosystems are still omitted from the main Earth system models that are …

The sustainability of life on Earth is under increasing threat due to human-induced climate
change. This perilous change in the Earth's climate is caused by increases in carbon dioxide …

Much uncertainty exists about the vulnerability of valuable tidal marsh ecosystems to relative
sea level rise. Previous assessments of resilience to sea level rise, to which marshes can …

Our current 1.1° C warmer world is already affecting natural and human systems in Europe
(very high confidence1). Since AR5, there has been a substantial increase in detected or …