Context Management of bladder cancer (BC) is primarily driven by stage, grade, and
biological potential. Knowledge of each is derived using clinical, histopathological, and …

Bladder cancer is a complex disease associated with high morbidity and mortality rates if not
treated optimally. Awareness of haematuria as the major presenting symptom is paramount …

Abstract Bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG) has been used to treat non-muscle-invasive
bladder cancer for more than 30 years. It is one of the most successful biotherapies for …

Bladder cancer is the sixth most prevalent malignancy in the United States and causes more
than 16,000 deaths annually. The most common clinical presentation is asymptomatic …

Context Due to high recurrence rates, intensive surveillance strategies, and expensive
treatment costs, the management of bladder cancer contributes significantly to medical …

CONTEXT: This review focuses on the prediction of recurrence and progression in non–
muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) and the treatments advocated for this disease …

Abstract Context The European Association of Urology non–muscle-invasive bladder cancer
(NMIBC) guidelines recommend that all low-and intermediate-risk patients receive a single …

Purpose Multidisciplinary management improves complex treatment decision making in
cancer care, but its impact for bladder cancer (BC) has not been documented. Although …

Recognition of non-self molecular patterns by pattern recognition receptors is a cornerstone
of innate immunity. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) exert a key role in recognizing pathogen …

Background: Urinary biomarkers may be a useful alternative or adjunct to cystoscopy for
diagnosis of bladder cancer. Purpose: To systematically review the evidence on the …