Ca2+ is an important intracellular messenger affecting many diverse processes. In
eukaryotic cells, Ca2+ storage is achieved within specific intracellular organelles, especially …

The emergence of antiviral drug-resistant mutants is the most important issue in current
antiviral therapy. As obligate parasites, viruses require host factors for efficient replication …

N6-methyladenosine (m6A) methylation is the most prevalent internal modification of post-
transcriptional modifications in mRNA, tRNA, miRNA, and long non-coding RNA in …

Nervous necrosis virus (NNV) can infect many species of fish and causes serious acute or
persistent infection. However, its pathogenic mechanism is still far from clear. Specific …

The COVID-19 pandemic made imperative the search for means to end it, which requires a
knowledge of the mechanisms underpinning the multiplication and spread of its cause, the …

Viruses are obligate intracellular parasites that rely on their hosts for protein synthesis,
genome replication, and viral particle production. As such, they have evolved mechanisms …

Two major flaviviruses, dengue virus (DENV) and Zika virus (ZIKV), cause severe health and
economic burdens worldwide. Recently, genome-wide screenings have uncovered the …

Toll-like receptor-3 (TLR3) senses double-stranded RNA intermediates produced during
hepatitis C virus (HCV) replication, leading to activation of interferon regulatory factor-3 …

Background Numerous host cellular factors are exploited by viruses to facilitate infection.
Our previous studies and those of others have shown heat-shock protein 90 (Hsp90), a …

The animal-pathogenic oomycete Saprolegnia parasitica causes serious losses in
aquaculture by infecting and killing freshwater fish. Like plant-pathogenic oomycetes, S …