Mitochondria are intracellular organelles involved in energy production, cell metabolism and
cell signaling. They are essential not only in the process of ATP synthesis, lipid metabolism …

Mitochondria are not only the main energy supplier but are also the cell metabolic center
regulating multiple key metaborates that play pivotal roles in epigenetics regulation. These …

Emerging evidence suggests that metabolic adaptation is a vital hallmark and prerequisite
for macrophage phenotype transition. Pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) is an essential molecular …

Metabolic networks are interconnected and influence diverse cellular processes. The protein-
metabolite interactions that mediate these networks are frequently low affinity and …

Lactic acid has emerged as an important modulator of immune cell function. It can be
produced by both gut microbiota and the host metabolism at homeostasis and during …

Background RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) and circular RNAs (circRNAs) play important
roles in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). Aerobic glycolysis is a metabolic characteristic of …

Resident synoviocytes and synovial microvasculature, together with immune cells from
circulation, contribute to pannus formation, the main pathological feature of rheumatoid …

Cisplatin (CPT) is one of the standard treatments for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
However, its use is limits as a monotherapy due to drug resistance, and the underlying …

The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) triggers the activation of many intracellular
signals that control cell proliferation, growth, survival, migration, and differentiation. Given its …

Introduction Tumors pose a significant global economic and health burden, with
conventional cancer treatments lacking tumor specificity, leading to limited efficiency and …