Natural bone is a mineralized biological material, which serves a supportive and protective
framework for the body, stores minerals for metabolism, and produces blood cells nourishing …

Purpose. Guided tissue reconstruction can be performed to restore the supporting structure
of a previously lost tooth, which, in addition to maintaining beauty, preserves the function of …

The regenerative medicine, a new discipline that merges biological sciences and the
fundamental of engineering to develop biological substitutes, has greatly benefited from …

Current thoroughly described biodegradable and cross‐linkable polymers mainly rely on
acrylate cross‐linking. However, despite the swift cross‐linking kinetics of acrylates, the …

Bone is an active organ that continuously undergoes an orchestrated process of remodeling
throughout life. Bone tissue is uniquely capable of adapting to loading, hormonal, and other …

Congenital heart defect interventions may benefit from the fabrication of patient-specific
vascular grafts because of the wide array of anatomies present in children with …

Craniofacial deformities (CFDs) develop following oncological resection, trauma, or
congenital disorders. Trauma is one of the top five causes of death globally, with rates …

As computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) technologies
have matured, three-dimensional (3D) printing materials suitable for dentistry have attracted …

Although autologous bone (AB) grafting is considered to be the gold standard for
cranioplasty, unresolved problems remain, such as surgical-site infections and bone flap …

Type I collagen and nanocrystalline-substituted hydroxyapatite are the major components of
a natural composite—bone tissue. Both of these materials also play a significant role in …