Nest predation is a key source of selection for birds that has attracted increasing attention
from ornithologists. The inclusion of new concepts applicable to nest predation that stem …

A recent field manipulation on a terrestrial vertebrate showed that the fear of predators alone
altered anti-predator defences to such an extent that it greatly reduced the reproduction of …

In the present work we have studied a prey–predator model with logistic growth of the prey
in the absence of the predator. We have also considered the fear effect and have …

Predation risk can inflict profound effects on prey by influencing prey behavior and other
traits. Prey are often subjected to a diversity of predators, which can exert differential …

A field observation on a terrestrial vertebrate has shown that the fear of predators can affect
the behavior of prey populations and it can greatly reduce their reproduction. On the other …

Highway infrastructure and accompanying vehicle noise is associated with decreased
wildlife populations in adjacent habitats. Noise masking of animal communication is an oft …

In this paper, we analyze the impact of anti-predator behavior due to fear effect (K) and
zooplankton refuge (r 1) on a 3-D plankton-fish dynamical system involving phytoplankton …

Recent demographic experiments have demonstrated that both birth and survival in free-
living animals are essentially affected due to having sufficient exposure to predators and …

Abstract Effect of anti-predator defense due to fear of predator felt by prey and effect of toxic
substance released by external sources on prey–predator system is a serious mater of …

Rapid biodiversity loss has triggered decades of research on the relationships between
biodiversity and community stability. Recent studies highlighted the importance of species …