Phenotypic integration and modularity are ubiquitous features of complex organisms,
describing the magnitude and pattern of relationships among biological traits. A key …

Evolvability is best addressed from a multi-level, macroevolutionary perspective through a
comparative approach that tests for among-clade differences in phenotypic diversification in …

The theory of evolution by natural selection is, perhaps, the crowning intellectual
achievement of the biological sciences. There is considerable debate, though, about which …

Simpson's “early burst” model of adaptive radiation was intended to explain the early
proliferation of morphological and functional variation in diversifying clades. Yet, despite …

Approaches to macroevolution require integration of its two fundamental components, within
a hierarchical framework. Following a companion paper on the origin of variation, I here …

Ecometrics is a trait-based approach to study ecosystem variability through time. An
ecometric value is derived from describing the distribution of functional traits at the …

Ecometric analyses use the relationships between functional traits and the environment at
the community level to quantitatively estimate past climatic and environmental variables at …

Aim The links between geo‐and biodiversity, postulated by Humboldt, can now be made
quantitative. Species are adapted to their environments and interact with their environments …

We are in a modern biodiversity crisis that will restructure community compositions and
ecological functions globally. Large mammals, important contributors to ecosystem function …

Abstract Models of adaptive radiation were originally developed to explain the early, rapid
appearance of distinct modes of life within diversifying clades. Phylogenetic tests of this …