Land use science has traditionally used case-study approaches for in-depth investigation of
land use change processes and impacts. Meta-studies synthesize findings across case …

Natural forest expansion (NFE), that is, the establishment of secondary forest on non-
forested land through natural succession, has substantially contributed to the widespread …

Recent global warming is acting across marine, freshwater, and terrestrial ecosystems to
favor species adapted to warmer conditions and/or reduce the abundance of cold-adapted …

Atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition is expected to change forest understorey plant
community composition and diversity, but results of experimental addition studies and …

Forests harbour large spatiotemporal heterogeneity in canopy structure. This variation drives
the microclimate and light availability at the forest floor. So far, we do not know how light …

Species are altering their phenology to track warming temperatures. In forests, understorey
plants experience tree canopy shading resulting in light and temperature conditions, which …

Coppicing, once a common type of management in European broadleaved forests, was
abandoned in many places after WWII. This form of management provided a variety of …

Extensive changes in land cover during the 20th century are known to have had detrimental
effects on biodiversity in rural landscapes, but the magnitude of change and their ecological …

Linear landscape elements such as hedgerows and road verges have the potential to
mitigate the adverse effects of habitat fragmentation and climate change on species, for …

Global forest loss and fragmentation have strongly increased the frequency of forest patches
smaller than a few hectares. Little is known about the biodiversity and ecosystem service …