Background Centres of endemism have received much attention from evolutionists,
biogeographers, ecologists and conservationists. Climatic stability is often cited as a major …

Motivation More than half of Earth's species are contained in a mere 1.4% of its land area,
but the climates of many of these biodiversity hotspots are projected to disappear as a …

Background Refugia are island-like habitats that are linked to long-term environmental
stability and, as a result, high endemism. Conservation of refugia and endemism hotspots …

Aims Understanding fine‐grain diversity patterns across large spatial extents is fundamental
for macroecological research and biodiversity conservation. Using the GrassPlot database …

Local biodiversity hotspots are often located within regions where extreme and variable
environmental–eg, climatic and soil–conditions occur. These areas are conservation …

Fine-scale topographic complexity creates important microclimates that can facilitate species
to grow outside their main distributional range and increase biodiversity locally. Enclosed …

In the present scenario of climatic change, climatic refugia will be of paramount importance
for species persistence. Topography can generate a considerable climatic heterogeneity …

Tiankeng acts as a refugium for biodiversity amid a changing global climate, and a previous
study has shown that some ancient (Alsophila spinulosa) and unique plants (cool-adapted …

Biodiversity loss is one of the most relevant consequences of climate change. Therefore,
identifying areas and environmental features that allow certain organisms to be less …

The high diversification rates of plant lineages in the Mediterranean Basin hotspot have
been linked to a complex interaction of climatic stressors, geographic isolation and soil type …