Little progress has been made in the treatment of gliomas during the past 25 years. One
reason is our poor understanding of the cell of origin in these tumors and of the mechanisms …

Neurogenesis in the adult dentate gyrus (DG) of the hippocampus occurs constitutively
throughout postnatal life, and the rate of neurogenesis within the DG can be altered under …

During development of the central nervous system, expression of the microtubule binding
protein doublecortin (DCX) is associated with migration of neuroblasts. In addition to this …

Demyelination contributes to loss of function after spinal cord injury, and thus a potential
therapeutic strategy involves replacing myelin-forming cells. Here, we show that …

Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)-positive astrocytes (type B cells) in the subventricular
zone (SVZ) generate large numbers of new neurons in the adult brain. SVZ stem cells can …

To study how adult hippocampal neurogenesis might originate from the proliferation of stem
or progenitor cells in vivo, we have used transgenic mice expressing green fluorescent …

Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) demonstrate remarkable proliferative and
developmental capacity. Clinical interest arises from their ability to provide an apparently …

Injury to the CNS results in the formation of the glial scar, a primarily astrocytic structure that
represents an obstacle to regrowing axons. Chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (CSPG) are …

Polysialic acid (PSA) is a linear homopolymer of α2-8-N acetylneuraminic acid whose major
carrier in vertebrates is the neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM). PSA serves as a potent …

Biologists long believed that, once development is completed, no new neurons are
produced in the forebrain. However, as is now firmly established, new neurons can be …