Materials with contrary wettability have various functions and applications. Common
methods such as chemical modification and secondary treatment with solid mask to achieve …

Chemical systems may be maintained far from equilibrium by sequestering otherwise
reactive species into different microenvironments. It remains a significant challenge to …

Efficiently exploring organic molecules through multi-step processes demands a transition
from conventional laboratory synthesis to automated systems. Existing platforms for machine …

The functional blood–brain barrier (BBB) model can provide a reliable tool for better
understanding BBB transport mechanisms and in vitro preclinical experimentation. However …

Lubricating hydrogel (LHO) is regarded as one of the promising candidate materials for
protective coating desirable to provide drag-reduction and energy-saving functions …

In biology, nonequilibrium assembly is characterized by fuel-driven switching between
associating and nonassociating states of biomolecules. This dynamic assembly model has …

Extreme environmental conditions often lead to irreversible structural failure and functional
degradation in hydrogels, limiting their service life and applicability. Achieving high …

Solid vessels are robust but are difficult to remove and re-form. Liquid walls are adaptive
and self-healable, but complex system designs or pre-treatments are usually needed for …

Engineered enzymes with enhanced or novel functions are specific catalysts with wide-
ranging applications in industry and medicine. Here, we introduce Droplet Array Microfluidic …

This book comprises interdisciplinary topics including consolidating research activities in all
experimental and theoretical aspects of natural advanced materials in the fields of science …