Diabetes mellitus is a significant clinical and therapeutic problem because it can lead to
serious long-term complications. Its pathogenesis is not fully understood, but there are …

Diet is an important regulator of the gastrointestinal microbiota. Vitamin A and vitamin D
deficiencies result in less diverse, dysbiotic microbial communities and increased …

Bile acids are potent antibacterial compounds and play an important role in sha** the
microbial ecology of the gut. Here, we combined flow cytometry, growth rate measurements …

Dietary nutrients and the gut microbiota are increasingly recognized to cross-regulate and
entrain each other, and thus affect host health and immune-mediated diseases. Here, we …

Recently, the onset of type 1 diabetes (T1D) has increased rapidly and became a major
public health concern worldwide. Various factors are associated with the development of …

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), one of the main types of Noncommunicable diseases
(NCDs), is a systemic inflammatory disease characterized by dysfunctional pancreatic β …

Leaky gut syndrome is a medical condition characterized by intestinal hyperpermeability.
Since the intestinal barrier is one of the essential components maintaining homeostasis …

Micronutrients influence hormone action and host metabolism. Dietary minerals, trace
elements, and vitamins can alter blood glucose and cellular glucose metabolism, and …

Environmental stressors can promote the vulnerability of animals to infections; it is therefore,
essential to understand how stressors affect the immune system, the adaptive capacity of …

With the development of high-throughput DNA sequencing and molecular analysis
technologies, next-generation probiotics (NGPs) are increasingly gaining attention as live …