In the coming years and decades, advanced space-and ground-based observatories will
allow an unprecedented opportunity to probe the atmospheres and surfaces of potentially …

Exoplanetary science is on the verge of an unprecedented revolution. The thousands of
exoplanets discovered over the past decade have most recently been supplemented by …

The critical first step in the search for life on exoplanets over the next decade is to determine
whether rocky planets transiting small M-dwarf stars possess atmospheres and, if so, what …

We describe how environmental context can help determine whether oxygen (O2) detected
in extrasolar planetary observations is more likely to have a biological source. Here we …

The search for life in the Universe is a fundamental problem of astrobiology and modern
science. The current progress in the detection of terrestrial-type exoplanets has opened a …

The TRAPPIST-1 planetary system provides an unprecedented opportunity to study
terrestrial exoplanet evolution with the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) and ground …

Molecular oxygen is a strong indicator of life on Earth and may indicate biological processes
on exoplanets too. Recent studies proposed that Earth-like O2 levels might be detectable on …

Finding life on exoplanets from telescopic observations is an ultimate goal of exoplanet
science. Life produces gases and other substances, such as pigments, which can have …

The search for habitable planets has revealed many planets that can vary greatly from an
Earth analog environment. These include highly eccentric orbits, giant planets, different bulk …

The habitability of the surface of any planet is determined by a complex evolution of its
interior, surface, and atmosphere. The electromagnetic and particle radiation of stars drive …