Cancers represent complex ecosystems comprising tumor cells and a multitude of non-
cancerous cells, embedded in an altered extracellular matrix. The tumor microenvironment …

The cancer-immunity cycle provides a framework to understand the series of events that
generate anti-cancer immune responses. It emphasizes the iterative nature of the response …

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains one of the deadliest cancers. Significant
efforts have largely defined major genetic factors driving PDAC pathogenesis and …

The malignant tumor is a multi-etiological, systemic and complex disease characterized by
uncontrolled cell proliferation and distant metastasis. Anticancer treatments including …

Cancer immunology and immunotherapy are driving forces of research and development in
oncology, mostly focusing on CD8+ T cells and the tumor microenvironment. Recent …

Cancer immunotherapy and vaccine development have significantly improved the fight
against cancers. Despite these advancements, challenges remain, particularly in the clinical …

CD8+ T cells are end effectors of cancer immunity. Most forms of effective cancer
immunotherapy involve CD8+ T cell effector function. Here, we review the current …

Abstract Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), as a central component of the tumor
microenvironment in primary and metastatic tumors, profoundly influence the behavior of …

Despite centuries since the discovery and study of cancer, cancer is still a lethal and
intractable health issue worldwide. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) have gained much …

Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are the predominant components of the tumor
microenvironment (TME) and influence cancer hallmarks, but without systematic …