The brain of modern humans has evolved remarkable computational abilities that enable
higher cognitive functions. These capacities are tightly linked to an increase in the size and …

Human cognitive abilities are generally thought to arise from cortical expansion over the
course of human brain evolution. In addition to increased neuron numbers, this cortical …

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the leading cause of dementia in older adults. Although AD
progression is characterized by stereotyped accumulation of proteinopathies, the affected …

The cardinal classes are a useful simplification of cortical interneuron diversity, but such
broad subgrou**s gloss over the molecular, morphological, and circuit specificity of …

The superior colliculus is a midbrain structure that plays important roles in visually guided
behaviors in mammals. Neurons in the superior colliculus receive inputs from retinal …

Recurrent cortical activity sculpts visual perception by refining, amplifying or suppressing
visual input. However, the rules that govern the influence of recurrent activity remain …

Hebb postulated that, to store information in the brain, assemblies of excitatory neurons
coding for a percept are bound together via associative long-term synaptic plasticity. In this …

Neurons build synaptic contacts using different protein combinations that define the
specificity, function, and plasticity potential of synapses; however, the diversity of synaptic …

Diverse inhibitory neurons in the mammalian brain shape circuit connectivity and dynamics
through mechanisms of synaptic plasticity. Inhibitory plasticity can establish …

Peripheral sensory organ damage leads to compensatory cortical plasticity that is
associated with a remarkable recovery of cortical responses to sound. The precise …