Cyanine dyes, one of the most important classes of organic fluorophores, have recently
attracted more and more attention for their applications in fluorescence imaging, tumor …

Polymethine cyanine dyes, as the most important class of organic near-infrared-II (NIR-II)
fluorophores, recently received increasing attention due to their high molar extinction …

Optical imaging within the shortwave infrared (SWIR, 1000–2000 nm) region of the
electromagnetic spectrum has enabled high-resolution and high-contrast imaging in mice …

Due to the merits of decreased photon attenuation, autofluorescence, and scattering, the
near‐infrared (NIR, 700–1700 nm) region is an important window in the field of biomedicine …

Photon excitation and emission at the NIR‐II spectral window enable high‐contrast deep‐
tissue bioimaging. However, multiplexed imaging with NIR‐II excitation and emission has …

Fluorescence imaging in the second near‐infrared window (NIR‐II) is burgeoning because
of its higher imaging fidelity in monitoring physiological and pathological processes than …

Heptamethine cyanine dyes (Cy7) have attracted much attention in the field of biological
application due to their unique structure and attractive near infrared (NIR) photophysical …

Recently, shortwave-infrared (SWIR) fluorescence imaging for the optical diagnostics of
diseases has attracted much attention as a new noninvasive imaging modality. For this …

The development of near-infrared-II (NIR-II) fluorescence imaging has implemented real-
time detection of biological cells, tissues and body, monitoring the disease processes and …

Fluorophores emitting in the near-infrared (NIR) are highly desired for various applications,
but increasing nonradiative rates cause severe fluorescence quenching for wavelengths …