History, development, and principles of large language models: an introductory survey

Z Wang, Z Chu, TV Doan, S Ni, M Yang, W Zhang - AI and Ethics, 2024 - Springer
Abstract Language models serve as a cornerstone in natural language processing, utilizing
mathematical methods to generalize language laws and knowledge for prediction and …

A systematic survey of text summarization: From statistical methods to large language models

H Zhang, PS Yu, J Zhang - arxiv preprint arxiv:2406.11289, 2024 - arxiv.org
Text summarization research has undergone several significant transformations with the
advent of deep neural networks, pre-trained language models (PLMs), and recent large …

Against The Achilles' Heel: A Survey on Red Teaming for Generative Models

L Lin, H Mu, Z Zhai, M Wang, Y Wang, R Wang… - Journal of Artificial …, 2025 - jair.org
Generative models are rapidly gaining popularity and being integrated into everyday
applications, raising concerns over their safe use as various vulnerabilities are exposed. In …

Docbench: A benchmark for evaluating llm-based document reading systems

A Zou, W Yu, H Zhang, K Ma, D Cai, Z Zhang… - arxiv preprint arxiv …, 2024 - arxiv.org
Recently, there has been a growing interest among large language model (LLM) developers
in LLM-based document reading systems, which enable users to upload their own …

A survey of large language models for european languages

W Ali, S Pyysalo - arxiv preprint arxiv:2408.15040, 2024 - arxiv.org
Large Language Models (LLMs) have gained significant attention due to their high
performance on a wide range of natural language tasks since the release of ChatGPT. The …

Causal inference with large language model: A survey

J Ma - arxiv preprint arxiv:2409.09822, 2024 - arxiv.org
Causal inference has been a pivotal challenge across diverse domains such as medicine
and economics, demanding a complicated integration of human knowledge, mathematical …

Natural Language Processing for the Legal Domain: A Survey of Tasks, Datasets, Models, and Challenges

F Ariai, G Demartini - arxiv preprint arxiv:2410.21306, 2024 - arxiv.org
Natural Language Processing is revolutionizing the way legal professionals and laypersons
operate in the legal field. The considerable potential for Natural Language Processing in the …

On the reasoning capacity of ai models and how to quantify it

SK Radha, O Goktas - arxiv preprint arxiv:2501.13833, 2025 - arxiv.org
Recent advances in Large Language Models (LLMs) have intensified the debate
surrounding the fundamental nature of their reasoning capabilities. While achieving high …

Uncertainty quantification in large language models through convex hull analysis

FO Catak, M Kuzlu - Discover Artificial Intelligence, 2024 - Springer
Uncertainty quantification approaches have been more critical in large language models
(LLMs), particularly high-risk applications requiring reliable outputs. However, traditional …

Formal requirements engineering and large language models: A two-way roadmap

A Ferrari, P Spoletini - Information and Software Technology, 2025 - Elsevier
Abstract Context: Large Language Models (LLMs) have made remarkable advancements in
emulating human linguistic capabilities, showing potential also in executing various …